1. To what did Roosevelt and Churchill agree early in the war?
They agreed to be alliances and help eachother in the war.
2. Why was winning the Battle of the Atlantic so crucial to the fortunes of the Allies?
If Hitler won then Great Britain would be starved into submission, great britain relied on ship lines from America.
3. Why was the Battle of Stalingrad so important?
hitler wanted soviet oil fields and to wipe out the industrial center, sinvce they lost it gave the Soviet oppurtunity to pursue towards Germany.
4. What happened in the war in North Africa?
The allies confronted axis-controlled north Africa and won when the Afrikans surrendeered.
5. What happened after the Allies invaded Italy?
Germany itself collapsed freeing Italy.
Tuesday, March 9, 2010
Sunday, March 7, 2010
mobilizing for wwii
1. Selective Service System
expanded the draft, allowing about 10 million more to join.
2. Women
served in noncombat positions
3. Minorities
Thousands from different minorities enlisted in the war.
4. Manufacturers
Automobile plants made tanks and airplanes for the war and many manufactures of all sorts converted to making war products.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
Scientists also contibuated to the war effort with medicine, radar, sonar, pesticides and atomic bombs.
6 Entertainment industry
Movies involving issues from the war had many joining the war.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
Foght inflation, freezed prices of most goods.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
The government made it so armed forces got what they needed, many children and familys donated goods.
9. Rationing
People were given coupons to buy necessities that the military also needed for the war.
expanded the draft, allowing about 10 million more to join.
2. Women
served in noncombat positions
3. Minorities
Thousands from different minorities enlisted in the war.
4. Manufacturers
Automobile plants made tanks and airplanes for the war and many manufactures of all sorts converted to making war products.
5. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
Scientists also contibuated to the war effort with medicine, radar, sonar, pesticides and atomic bombs.
6 Entertainment industry
Movies involving issues from the war had many joining the war.
7. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
Foght inflation, freezed prices of most goods.
8. War Production Board (WPB)
The government made it so armed forces got what they needed, many children and familys donated goods.
9. Rationing
People were given coupons to buy necessities that the military also needed for the war.
Thursday, March 4, 2010
japan and u.s. relations in 1941
Japan and U.S. Relations in 1941
Document A:Japan wants to try to take down every country under there power including Great Britain which would hopefully make the Americans reconsider and join the Axis powers too.
Document B: This cartoon shows that the Japanese are encircling the higher powers such as FDR. The people are getting dizzy and disoriented, the japanese want them to give up.
Document C:This dispatch fromt he Japanese to negotiators is explaining how the U.S. is not wanting to negotiate or open to "bending". It says that the U.S. propsed a "humiliating proposal" that makes the negotiators embarassed of their negotiations.
Document D:Tojo says that Majesty would like it best if Japan brought the military and government closer together. He says that it is the Majesty's choice and not his to do this and that it is their duty to fulfill what he wants.
Document E:In this FDR tells of how even thought the U.S. had been negotiating and had a peaceful relationship with Japan, they had been planning the attack on Pearl Harbor for weeks and that the U.S. is officially in war with Japan.
Document A:Japan wants to try to take down every country under there power including Great Britain which would hopefully make the Americans reconsider and join the Axis powers too.
Document B: This cartoon shows that the Japanese are encircling the higher powers such as FDR. The people are getting dizzy and disoriented, the japanese want them to give up.
Document C:This dispatch fromt he Japanese to negotiators is explaining how the U.S. is not wanting to negotiate or open to "bending". It says that the U.S. propsed a "humiliating proposal" that makes the negotiators embarassed of their negotiations.
Document D:Tojo says that Majesty would like it best if Japan brought the military and government closer together. He says that it is the Majesty's choice and not his to do this and that it is their duty to fulfill what he wants.
Document E:In this FDR tells of how even thought the U.S. had been negotiating and had a peaceful relationship with Japan, they had been planning the attack on Pearl Harbor for weeks and that the U.S. is officially in war with Japan.
Tuesday, March 2, 2010
America moves toward war
Labels: FDR, Pearl_Harbor, WWII, Japan, Great_Britain, Axis_Powers,
1. What did the 1939 Neutrality Act allow?
Allowed warring nations to by U.S. arms as long as they paid cash and transported them themselves.
2. Who were the Axis powers?
Germany, Italy and Japan.
3. What did the Lend-Lease Act do?
The government woulf lend or lease arms to countries that put U.S. in danger.
4. What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?
collective security, disarnment, self determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas
5. Who were the Allies?
Nations who fought the Axis powers.
6. What did the attack at Pearl Harbor do to the U.s. Pacific fleet?
They had raided sunk or damaged nearly the whole fleet.
7. Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.?
Because the U.S. joined the allies
1. What did the 1939 Neutrality Act allow?
Allowed warring nations to by U.S. arms as long as they paid cash and transported them themselves.
2. Who were the Axis powers?
Germany, Italy and Japan.
3. What did the Lend-Lease Act do?
The government woulf lend or lease arms to countries that put U.S. in danger.
4. What pledges were contained in the Atlantic Charter?
collective security, disarnment, self determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas
5. Who were the Allies?
Nations who fought the Axis powers.
6. What did the attack at Pearl Harbor do to the U.s. Pacific fleet?
They had raided sunk or damaged nearly the whole fleet.
7. Why did Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.?
Because the U.S. joined the allies
Sunday, February 28, 2010
"isolationism" and FDR (35-41)
1. What were the goals of the isolationists? Why is "isolationism" a misleading term?
Isolationists wanted to stay out of war. It is misleading because isolationists still wanted to trade internationally.
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
They said that because they still had alliances with other nations in those hemispheres.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
To investigate why US entered WWI.
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
That coorporations wanted profit and that banking and business would drag them into war again.
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
To convince the public and Congress of certain beliefs.
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
They thought he was getting the government intruded in their lives and had an over powerful presidencny.
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
A part of the Neutrality Act that allowed US to continue trading but made it so warring nations had to pay for it.
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
To try to stop Japns aggression.
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
For peace and to try to protect the Americans.
Isolationists wanted to stay out of war. It is misleading because isolationists still wanted to trade internationally.
2. What did some isolationists feel that there was no need for Americans to feel threatened by developments in Europe and Asia?
They said that because they still had alliances with other nations in those hemispheres.
3. What were the purposes of the Nye Committee hearings?
To investigate why US entered WWI.
4. List two impressions that the Nye Committee hearings created.
That coorporations wanted profit and that banking and business would drag them into war again.
5. What were the purposes of the Neutrality Acts?
To convince the public and Congress of certain beliefs.
6. List two reasons that some Americans considered Roosevelt's leadership radical and dangerous.
They thought he was getting the government intruded in their lives and had an over powerful presidencny.
7. What was "Cash and Carry"?
A part of the Neutrality Act that allowed US to continue trading but made it so warring nations had to pay for it.
8. Why did President Roosevelt freeze Japanese assets in the United States?
To try to stop Japns aggression.
9. What was the purpose of the America First Committee?
For peace and to try to protect the Americans.
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
World events Set Stage For Isolationism
1. What was the Japanese reaction to the Treaty of Versailles? (pgs. 4 - 5)
The Japanese were outraged and warned that they may be inclined to not put their support internationally in the future.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
Japan had made a rapid emergence economically and in their mititary power making it a rival of Europe and America. Japan was threatened by the U.S.'s actions because the U.S. had much control over the Pacific and Japan is on the pacific.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished? (pg. 6) (Note: Japan signs the agreement.)
It was convened because of the growth of japan's navy and they made many limitations of the navy in war and otherwise to keep things fair.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they? (pgs. 6 - 7)
Americans wanted to avoid another war with Europe and policy makers wanted to avoid permanent alliaces so they could act when and where they wanted.
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons. (pgs. 9 - 10)
He improved the economic situation, reduced unemployment and restored national pride.
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons? (pg. 10)
As a mean of obtaining raw materials, and increasing japans power.
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
They gave the Japanese an excuse to have something against the Chinese.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force? (pgs. 11 - 12)
Because the U.S. had to island hop over in order to oppose japan.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism. (pg. 8)
The Japanese were outraged and warned that they may be inclined to not put their support internationally in the future.
2. Read the pull-out box on page 4 entitled, "Japan Becomes a Great Power." Cite specific evidence Japan was becoming a strong power that rivaled European & American interests. And, why specifically was Japan threatened by U.S. actions?
Japan had made a rapid emergence economically and in their mititary power making it a rival of Europe and America. Japan was threatened by the U.S.'s actions because the U.S. had much control over the Pacific and Japan is on the pacific.
3. Why was the Washington Naval Conference convened and what was accomplished? (pg. 6) (Note: Japan signs the agreement.)
It was convened because of the growth of japan's navy and they made many limitations of the navy in war and otherwise to keep things fair.
4. The Senate's willingness to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact relected two strong and widely held sentiments. What were they? (pgs. 6 - 7)
Americans wanted to avoid another war with Europe and policy makers wanted to avoid permanent alliaces so they could act when and where they wanted.
5. Why did Hitler enjoy popular support in Germany for most of the 1930s? Give three reasons. (pgs. 9 - 10)
He improved the economic situation, reduced unemployment and restored national pride.
6. Japan voiced its intentions to invade China for what two reasons? (pg. 10)
As a mean of obtaining raw materials, and increasing japans power.
7. Compare the Reichstag fire and the explosion on the Japanese railway in Manchuria. What did they accompllish?
They gave the Japanese an excuse to have something against the Chinese.
8. Why was the united States unable to oppose Japan in the early 1930s with a significant military force? (pgs. 11 - 12)
Because the U.S. had to island hop over in order to oppose japan.
9. Describe the major similarities and differences among liberal democracy, fascism, and socialism. (pg. 8)
Sunday, February 7, 2010
new deal essay outline
FDR and the government moderately solve the problems of the Great Depression through relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform.
Paragraph 1: Financial reform
Emergency Banking Act- Closed all banks in the country; banks were not allowed to re-open until the Securities Exchange Commission deemed them stable.
-National Industrial Recovery Act- set up the following two organizations.
· Public Works Administration- used government $ to build things like schools, dams, roads, bridges, and airports. This created millions of jobs and boosted America's infrastructure.
· National Recovery Administration- Improved working conditions all around. Child labor was banned, and wages and production were regulated fairly. By giving workers money, the government hoped to jumpstart the economy. Not every organization joined, but those who did got to use a blue eagle as a symbol of their NRA membership.
Paragraph 2: relief for the needy
-Federal Emergency Relief Administration- Spent $500 million on on necessary items for the poor: soup kitchens, nurseries, blankets, and employment plans.
-Wagner Act- Forced all businesses to allow their workers to form unions, and forced them to negotiate pay rates with these unions. Workers could no longer be fired to union involvement.
-Social Security Act- Set up a series of taxes and laws that provided pensions for the elderly and for the sick/disabled; also set up a scheme for unemployment insurance. Workers contributed a small amount out of every paycheck; this money was put into a fund that they could draw on in the case of unemployment.
-Work's Progress Administration- The WPA combined all organizations whose goal it was to create jobs. It not only created jobs in building, but also worked to give office workers and even actors, painters, and photographers jobs.
-Resettlement Administration- Gave help to tenant farmers who had not been helped by the AAA. It moved over 500,000 families to better lands. In 1937 it was replaced by the
Paragraph 3: economic recovery
Farm Security Administration, which gave loans to small farmers to help them by land, and created camps so that migrant workers could have better living conditions.
-Agricultural Adjustment Act- Paid farmers to stop production. Also ordered thousands of hogs to be slaughtered; this caused much controversy. The AAA did rise crop prices, though - it was ultimately successful.
-Civilian Conservatin Corps- Young, unemployed men could join the CCC for six months, helping out with environmental projects, and being paid for it. They could sign up again when the six months was over if they still could not like other work.
-Tennessee Value Authority-Cut across the power of local Tennessee Valley governments. Main purpose was to build dams across the Tennessee River; the dams not only provided thousands of jobs for the very poor Valley citizens, they also made electricity widely available and made it possible to irrigate the dried out lands.
Paragraph 4: successes and failures
Successes of the New Deal:
· Restored confidence and stopped investors pulling money out of the banks.
· Banking measures saved 20% of homeowners and farmers from repossesion.
· Farmers were 50% better off under AAA by 1936.
· TVA brought electrical power to underdeveloped areas.
· Public Works Administration created 600,000 jobs and built landmarks like San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge and the Supreme Court Building.
· Had Congress authorize $500 million for Public Works Programs (Hoover Dam is an example of this federal stimulus)
Not all was successful
-The AAA was controversial because it authorized the slaughtering of thousands of hogs and the planting of crops with no end product; this was seen as wasteful
-The WPA gave jobs (and money) to people whose services were not absolutely necessary; puppet makers, actors, and artists were commissioned for little good reason
-Through the Emergency Banking Act, those who had their money invested in banks that were not deemed fit to reopen lost their money; they were not repaid.
-The RFC was a good concept, but it was too little too late.
-Social Security gained much criticism; it was easy to abused
Paragraph 5: counter argument
it's Not Doing Enough!
-Although the New Deal was certainly helpful, many Americans (especially African-Americans, immigrants, and those in the farming regions) were still horrifically poor.
-Main proponent: Huey Long
-Long was a Louisiana Governor, and then Senator, who won elections by underhanded methods but used his power to help the poor, taxing big businesses to build hospitals and schools, and standing up to the KKK by fairly employing blacks.
-Felt strongly that the New Deal simply was not doing enough, and proposed various other plans which involved the sharing of wealth
-Until his assasination in 1935, Long was considered one of the country's two most dangerous men by FDR
-Father Coughlin (a Catholic priest) set up the National Union for Social Justice, which criticized the New Deal
Paragraph 1: Financial reform
Emergency Banking Act- Closed all banks in the country; banks were not allowed to re-open until the Securities Exchange Commission deemed them stable.
-National Industrial Recovery Act- set up the following two organizations.
· Public Works Administration- used government $ to build things like schools, dams, roads, bridges, and airports. This created millions of jobs and boosted America's infrastructure.
· National Recovery Administration- Improved working conditions all around. Child labor was banned, and wages and production were regulated fairly. By giving workers money, the government hoped to jumpstart the economy. Not every organization joined, but those who did got to use a blue eagle as a symbol of their NRA membership.
Paragraph 2: relief for the needy
-Federal Emergency Relief Administration- Spent $500 million on on necessary items for the poor: soup kitchens, nurseries, blankets, and employment plans.
-Wagner Act- Forced all businesses to allow their workers to form unions, and forced them to negotiate pay rates with these unions. Workers could no longer be fired to union involvement.
-Social Security Act- Set up a series of taxes and laws that provided pensions for the elderly and for the sick/disabled; also set up a scheme for unemployment insurance. Workers contributed a small amount out of every paycheck; this money was put into a fund that they could draw on in the case of unemployment.
-Work's Progress Administration- The WPA combined all organizations whose goal it was to create jobs. It not only created jobs in building, but also worked to give office workers and even actors, painters, and photographers jobs.
-Resettlement Administration- Gave help to tenant farmers who had not been helped by the AAA. It moved over 500,000 families to better lands. In 1937 it was replaced by the
Paragraph 3: economic recovery
Farm Security Administration, which gave loans to small farmers to help them by land, and created camps so that migrant workers could have better living conditions.
-Agricultural Adjustment Act- Paid farmers to stop production. Also ordered thousands of hogs to be slaughtered; this caused much controversy. The AAA did rise crop prices, though - it was ultimately successful.
-Civilian Conservatin Corps- Young, unemployed men could join the CCC for six months, helping out with environmental projects, and being paid for it. They could sign up again when the six months was over if they still could not like other work.
-Tennessee Value Authority-Cut across the power of local Tennessee Valley governments. Main purpose was to build dams across the Tennessee River; the dams not only provided thousands of jobs for the very poor Valley citizens, they also made electricity widely available and made it possible to irrigate the dried out lands.
Paragraph 4: successes and failures
Successes of the New Deal:
· Restored confidence and stopped investors pulling money out of the banks.
· Banking measures saved 20% of homeowners and farmers from repossesion.
· Farmers were 50% better off under AAA by 1936.
· TVA brought electrical power to underdeveloped areas.
· Public Works Administration created 600,000 jobs and built landmarks like San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge and the Supreme Court Building.
· Had Congress authorize $500 million for Public Works Programs (Hoover Dam is an example of this federal stimulus)
Not all was successful
-The AAA was controversial because it authorized the slaughtering of thousands of hogs and the planting of crops with no end product; this was seen as wasteful
-The WPA gave jobs (and money) to people whose services were not absolutely necessary; puppet makers, actors, and artists were commissioned for little good reason
-Through the Emergency Banking Act, those who had their money invested in banks that were not deemed fit to reopen lost their money; they were not repaid.
-The RFC was a good concept, but it was too little too late.
-Social Security gained much criticism; it was easy to abused
Paragraph 5: counter argument
it's Not Doing Enough!
-Although the New Deal was certainly helpful, many Americans (especially African-Americans, immigrants, and those in the farming regions) were still horrifically poor.
-Main proponent: Huey Long
-Long was a Louisiana Governor, and then Senator, who won elections by underhanded methods but used his power to help the poor, taxing big businesses to build hospitals and schools, and standing up to the KKK by fairly employing blacks.
-Felt strongly that the New Deal simply was not doing enough, and proposed various other plans which involved the sharing of wealth
-Until his assasination in 1935, Long was considered one of the country's two most dangerous men by FDR
-Father Coughlin (a Catholic priest) set up the National Union for Social Justice, which criticized the New Deal
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